Texas Senate approves bill banning DEI in K-12 public schools

Sign up for The Brief, The Texas Tribune’s daily newsletter that keeps readers up to speed on the most essential Texas news.

---

The Texas Senate approved legislation Wednesday seeking to extend the state’s ban on diversity, equity and inclusion initiatives to K-12 public schools.

Senators voted along party lines — 20-11 — in favor of Senate Bill 12, one of Lt. Gov. Dan Patrick’s priority proposals this session. The bill now heads to the Texas House for consideration.

Sen. Brandon Creighton, the Conroe Republican who chairs the Senate Committee on Education K-16, introduced SB 12 after Gov. Greg Abbott expressed support in his State of the State address earlier this year for Texas banning diversity practices across its more than 1,200 public school districts.

“It’s clear these programs are already in our schools using millions of taxpayer dollars meant for the classroom to fund political activism and political agendas,” Creighton said during a public hearing last month.

During debate on the Senate floor Wednesday, Creighton and Sen. Borris Miles, D-Houston, got into a heated debate over the bill’s potential impact on the state’s non-white public school students. Miles said the bill would increase already existing racial inequities present in the state’s public schools without offering a better alternative.

“You’re going to force these kids to conform and if the achievement gaps for minority students widen, you look back to this bill as the start,” Miles said to Creighton on the floor. “The state has demonized DEI, but I refuse to accept the narrative. Minority students have borne the brunt of the assault.”

An earlier version of SB 12 suggested that school districts could lose funding if they failed to comply with the proposed ban, but it did not lay out how that would have happened. The new bill voted out of committee Thursday no longer includes that provision.

SB 12 would still make it illegal for Texas school districts to factor in diversity, equity and inclusion in hiring and employment decisions. It would prevent schools from developing policies, programs and training that reference race, ethnicity, gender identity or sexual orientation. It would require districts to create policies for disciplining employees who engage in or assign DEI-related tasks to others. And it would ban classroom instruction on gender identity and sexual orientation.

The bill would also impact student organizations. Student clubs that are “based on sexual orientation or gender identity” would not be allowed in public schools. Moving forward, parents and guardians would also have to provide written consent to allow their student to participate in a student club. And school employees would only be allowed to sponsor clubs centered on race or ethnicity in a “supervisory capacity” and would be banned from providing certain instruction for those groups.

SB 12 would also allow parents to submit complaints to principals about alleged DEI violations and require school officials to offer parents an explanation of their response to those complaints. Parents could appeal the school’s response to the Texas Education Commissioner Mike Morath, who the bill requires to assign an arbitrator to review the complaint and conduct a hearing.

If education officials rule against a school district, the measure would require the superintendent to testify before the State Board of Education about the findings and the number of complaints against that district.

Advocates of the bills argued during a public hearing last month that DEI policies in public schools are not effective, waste taxpayer money and create division. Julie Pickren, a Republican member of the State Board of Education, said that such programs “may appear well intentioned,” but they do more harm than good.

“DEI fosters a culture of entitlement and disappointments that will steal the American dream from kids,” Pickren said. “Every minute that we spend on ‘woke’ DEI indoctrination is a minute that we are not teaching a child how to read or how to do math.”

Opponents of both bills testified that students from underrepresented groups would be hurt the most by a potential ban, including Black students and LGBTQ+ children. Critics say the ban could also make it more difficult for the state to recruit new teachers.

Sarai Flores, a policy fellow for the Mexican American School Board Association, testified that the ban would make it more difficult for schools to hire educators that reflect the communities they teach in. Though about three quarters of all public school students in the state are people of color, the majority of teachers in the state are white, according to Texas Education Agency data.

SB 12 would ban schools from factoring in diversity, equity and inclusion in hiring and employment decisions. That restriction would come as the state is facing a shortage of teachers without formal classroom training. Most new instructor hires during the 2023-24 school year lacked a teaching certification, data from the education agency shows.

The bill, which Flores also called “vague and restrictive,” might also prevent teachers from having important discussions about race, history and identity due to the fear that they might violate the law, she added.

Other criticisms also centered on SB 12’s proposed ban on classroom instruction on gender identity or sexual orientation, reminiscent of the 2022 Florida “Don’t Say Gay” law that gained national attention. Several testified against that part of the bill late last month, saying it would worsen negative stigmas associated with LGBTQ+ students.

Dash Kostka, a student at the University of Texas in Austin, said LGBTQ+ students would be more likely to have mental health crises or face bigotry if teachers are banned from teaching about sexual orientation.

“Liberals like me are not trying to teach intersectional queer theory to your middle schoolers,” Kostka said. “We’re not trying to turn your kids gay.”

Neither of the proposals would prevent schools “from acknowledging or teaching the significance of state and federal holidays or commemorative months” or teaching how those holidays or months fit into Texas and U.S. history, according to the legislation. The ban also would not apply to the state’s ability to collect data about the race and ethnicity of students and staff.

Texas school districts oversee offices and programs responsible for helping ensure students of color, children learning English, kids from immigrant families, students with disabilities and others receive support and feel included on their campuses. Children of color comprise the overwhelming majority of Texas’ 5.5 million student population.

Jonathan Feinstein, state director for The Education Trust, told The Texas Tribune that it’s unclear how a DEI ban could impact public school districts’ abilities to close achievement gaps among students. The state has a responsibility to do so under federal law, he said. In Texas, Black and Latino students are more likely to read below grade level than their white counterparts.

“Would districts or poor [performing] charter schools be restricted from setting goals to explicitly close these gaps by improving academic outcomes for underperforming students?” Feinstein said.

Antonio Ingram, a lawyer at the NAACP’s Legal Defense Fund, testified against SB 12, saying it would harm all students, but especially Black students. He said that DEI programs are meant to “remediate disparities” that are present because of past segregation. A number of programs that benefit Black students could be on the chopping block, Ingram said, if the DEI ban moves forward.

“SB 12 may cause middle school administrators to curtail mentorship programs encouraging Black girls to pursue careers like engineering or medicine,” Ingram said. “SB 12 may cause high school counselors to discontinue implicit bias training [that helps] to prevent Black boys from receiving unjust discipline.”

Lawmakers in support of SB 12 and SB 1565, including Creighton, see them as an extension of the state’s ban on teaching “critical race theory” in K-12 public schools and the prohibition on DEI programs in Texas’ public universities.

Critical race theory is a college-level discipline that examines why racism continues in American law and culture decades after the civil rights movement in the United States. It is not taught in elementary or secondary schools in Texas, but some conservatives use the term to describe what they see as a liberal bent in the way race and racism is taught in public schools.

During the 2023 legislative session, Texas passed a law banning diversity offices, programs and training at publicly-funded universities. The law has caused confusion and fear among university employees and students, while colleges have shuttered DEI offices and efforts. Those offices also aimed to help Black, Latino, LGBTQ+ and other underrepresented students adjust to life on college campuses and foster a sense of community among their peers.

Abbott has since called on lawmakers to ensure that “no taxpayer dollars will be used to fund DEI” in K-12 public education.

“Schools must not push woke agendas on our kids,” Abbott said during his State of the State address in early February. “Schools are for education, not indoctrination.”

Those efforts mirror attempts to eliminate diversity at the federal level. On Feb. 14, the U.S. Department of Education issued a letter to schools across the country giving them two weeks to ban such efforts on their campuses and threatening a loss of funding if schools don’t comply. That window of time recently ended. The federal effort has faced legal challenges.

Republicans nationally and in Texas often refer to any school activities attempting to create a more inclusive environment for children — such as teaching about systemic racism or allowing students to check out library books that center LGBTQ+ characters — as so-called “woke” liberal indoctrination.

State officials’ attempts to extend the diversity ban come as lawmakers continue to push for greater control over public schools and to allow taxpayer dollars to flow toward private ones. In 2021, the state passed a law limiting how Texas schools can teach America’s history of slavery and racism. The law instructs schools to teach those topics as “deviations from, betrayals of, or failures to live up to the authentic founding principles of the United States, which include liberty and equality.”

The governor and top officials in both the Texas House and Senate have made passing a school voucher bill their top priority this legislative session. At the same time, top Texas officials have expressed a desire to expand Christianity in the classroom. The Senate Education Committee has advanced a pair of bills this session that would, respectively, require schools to display the Ten Commandments and grant districts the power to provide students and employees “with an opportunity to participate in a period of prayer and reading of the Bible or other religious text” every school day. Lt. Gov. Dan Patrick has declared both a priority.

A nod to Texas lawmakers’ aim to also expand so-called parental rights, the DEI bill would also allow parents to apply to remove their children from their local school district to attend another. Under most circumstances currently, a child must attend the school district closest to where the student lives. In SB 12, the district the family applies to could deny the transfer request under certain circumstances, like if it lacks space to accommodate the child or if it has a policy prohibiting students with a criminal background.

Disclosure: Education Trust has been a financial supporter of The Texas Tribune, a nonprofit, nonpartisan news organization that is funded in part by donations from members, foundations and corporate sponsors. Financial supporters play no role in the Tribune's journalism. Find a complete list of them here.

---

We can’t wait to welcome you to the 15th annual Texas Tribune Festival, Texas’ breakout ideas and politics event happening Nov. 13–15 in downtown Austin. Step inside the conversations shaping the future of education, the economy, health care, energy, technology, public safety, culture, the arts and so much more.

Hear from our CEO, Sonal Shah, on TribFest 2025.

TribFest 2025 is presented by JPMorganChase.